Bibliography

The asterisks and numbers prefixed to certain items in the Bibliography are explained in the Foreword, p. 8. The following abbreviations have been used:

AAF Archives de I'art francais

AB Art Bulletin

Acts Acts of the XX International Congress of the History of Art, 3 vols, Princeton, 1963

Akten 1964 Akten des 21 internationalen Kongresses fur Kunstgeschichte in Bonn 1964, 3 vols, Berlin, 1967

AQ Art Quarterly

BM Burlington Magazine

BSHAF Bulletin de la Societe de I'Histoire de

VArt francais

GBA La Gazette des Beaux-Arts

IHA L'Information d'Histoire de I'Art

IMU Italia Medioevale e Umanistica

JHI JKHS

JSAH JWCI Karl der Grosse

Mitt. DAI Mitt. KHIF

Munchner Jahrbuch

RA

RAAM

Zf.KG

Journal of the History of Ideas

Jahrbuch der kunsthistorischen Samm-lungen, Wien

Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians

Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes

Karl der Grosse, Lebenswerk und Nach-leben, 5 vols, ed. W. Braunfels, Dussel-dorf, 1965-8

Mitteilungen des deutschen archdologi-schen Instituts, romische Abteilung

Mitteilungen des kunsthistorischen Instituts in Florenz

Munchner Jahrbuch der bildenden Kunst La Revue de I'Art

La Revue de I'Art ancien et moderne Zeitschrift fur Kunstgeschichte

Introduction: What is Classicism ?

Battisti, E., 'Classicism', in The McGraw-Hill Encyclopaedia of World Art, New York and London, 1957-68. (Survey with bibliography)

Battisti, E., et al., 'Antique revival', in The McGraw-Hill Encyclopaedia of World Art, New York and London, 1957-68. (Survey with bibliography)

Blunt, A., Artistic Theory in Italy, 1450-1600, Oxford, 1940.

Boas, G. (ed.), The Greek Tradition (Symposium, Baltimore Museum of Art, 1939), Baltimore, 1939. (With papers on archaeology and the idea of classical antiquity, classicism in medieval art, the ancients as authority in seventeenth-century France, etc.)

Bolgar, R. R., The Classical Heritage and its Beneficiaries, Cambridge, 1954. (Learned and detailed; concentrates on literature from fall of Rome to c. 1600)

Bolgar, R. R. (ed.), Classical Influences on European Culture, A.D. 500-1500 (International conference, King's College, Cambridge, 1969), Cambridge, 1971. (Sections on manuscripts, teaching, classical ideas in literature, thought and art)

Bolgar, R. R. (ed.), Classical Influences on European Culture, A.D. 1500-1700, Cambridge, 1976. (Proceedings of 1974 Conference, which tried 'to draw attention

to certain obvious gaps in our present-day knowledge . . . and to indicate certain topics . . . for future research'.)

Fehl, P., The Classical Monument: Reflections on the connection between morality and art in Greek and Roman sculpture, New York, 1972. (Apology for classicism)

Ferguson, W. K., The Renaissance in Historical Thought: Five centuries of interpretation, Boston, 1948.

Gombrich, E. H., Aby Warburg: an intellectual biography, London, 1970. (His concern with 'the after-life of antiquity'. Cf. review by C. Gilbert in Journal of Modern History, XLIV (1972), 381-91, who believes the book gives insufficient attention to the background)

Heckscher, W. S., Imago: a pictorial calendar for 1963: Ancient art and its echoes in post-classical times (The Netherlands Classical Association). (Selective bibliography, and refs for each item. Most useful; parallels Vermeule below)

Highet, G., The Classical Tradition: Greek and Roman influences on Western literature, Oxford, 1949. (Rich in references; thorough index)

Hunger, H., Lexikon der griechischen und romischen Mythologie mit Hinweisen auf das Fortwirken antiker Stoffe und Motive in der bildenden Kunst des Abendlandes bis zur Gegenwart, Vienna, 1953

Kenney, E. J., The Classical Text. Aspects of editing in the age of the printed book, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 1974. (Partly a history of classical scholarship)

Kermode, F., The Classic, London, 1975. (Influence of Virgil and of the idea of Rome)

Ladendorf, H., Antikenstudium und Antikenkopie: Vorarbeiten zu einer Darstellung ihrer Bedeutung in der mittelalterlichen und neueren Zeit, 2nd edn, Berlin, 1958. (Very large bibliography divided by subject, and indexed; useful illustrations)

Levin, H., 'Contexts of the classical', in his Contexts of Criticism, Cambridge, Mass., 1957, 38-54.

London: Warburg Institute, Catalog of the Warburg Institute Library, 12 vols, rev. edn, Boston, Mass., 1967. (Very useful; Vols 9-11 for post-antique art)

* Luck, G., 'Scriptor classicus', Comparative Literature, X (1958), 150-8. (Definition via a history of the term 'classic')

Nash, E., A Pictorial Dictionary of Ancient Rome, English translation of rev. edn, 2 vols, London, 1968. (Bibliographies per item; Renaissance material cited where useful)

Pfeiffer, R., A History of Classical Scholarship from 1300 to 1850, Oxford, 1976.

Reynolds, L. D. and Wilson, N. G., Scribes and scholars. A guide to the transmission of Greek and Latin literature, 2nd edn (enlarged), Oxford, 1974.

Rowland, B., The Classical Tradition in European Art. (Useful for its illustrations)

Sandys, J. E., A History of Classical Scholarship, 2nd edn, 3 vols, Cambridge, 1906jff.

*Secretan, D., Classicism, London, 1973. (Useful primer, mainly concerned with literature)

Summerson, J., The Classical Language of Architecture, London, 1964.

Tatarkiewicz, W., History of Aesthetics. Ill: Modern Aesthetics. The Hague and Paris, 1974. (Commentaries on selected key texts)

Venturi, L., Storia della critica d'arte, 2nd edn, Turin, 1964. (With larger bibliography than the English translation)

*Vermeule, C. C., European Art and the Classical Past, Cambridge, Mass., 1964. (Indispensable survey of forms and motifs from point of view of a classical archaeologist; review by E. H. Gombrich in Journal of Roman Studies, LVI (1966), 259-60)

*Weiss, R., The Renaissance Discovery of Classical Antiquity, Oxford, 1969. (Fundamental: a history of Renaissance antiquarianism)

Wellek, R., 'The term and concept of classicism in literary history', in E. R. Wasserman (ed.), Aspects of the 18th Century, Baltimore and London, 1965, 105-28. (Well referenced)

Wilamovitz-Moellendorff, U. von, Storia della filologia classica, Italian translation from the German, Turin, 1967.

Wittkower, R., 'Imitation, eclecticism, genius', in E. R. Wasserman (ed.), Aspects of the 18th Century, Baltimore and London, 1965, 143-61.

Wolffliri, H., Classic Art, English translation, London, 1952.

1 Bialostocki, J., 'The Renaissance concept of nature and antiquity', in Acts, II, 19-30. (Imitation of nature through imitation of the antique)

2 Gombrich, E. H., 'The style all'antica: imitation and assimilation', in Acts, II, 31—41. ('Illusion of movement and life' attracted the Renaissance to the antique)

3 Janson, H. W., Apes and ape-lore in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, London, 1952. (287-325: 'Ars simia naturae')

4 *Lee, R. W., Ut Pictura Poesis. The humanistic theory of painting, New York, 1967.

5 McKeon, R., 'The transformation of the liberal arts in the Renaissance', in B. S. Levy (ed.), Developments in the Early Renaissance, Albany, 1972, 158-206. (Good bibliography)

6 *Panofsky, E., Idea: A concept in art theory, English

translation, New York, 1968. (Fundamental; reprints essential texts)

7 Trinkaus, C., In Our Image and Likeness: Humanity and divinity in Italian humanist thought, 2 vols, London, 1970. (On attempts to define 'the nature, condition and destiny of man within the inherited framework of the Christian faith')

8 Weise, G., L'ideale eroico del Rinascimento e le sue premesse umanistiche, Naples, 1961. (Quotation 1126-7)

9 Weise, G., L'ideale eroico del Rinascimento: Diffusione europea e tramontana, Naples, 1965. (Sequel to the above; both cite a wealth of examples, fifteenth to eighteenth centuries)

1 Classicism from the Fall of Rome to Nicola Pisano: Survival and Revival

Pagan into Christian

Beckwith, J., Early Christian and Byzantine Art, Har-mondsworth, 1970.

Beyen, H. G., 'Rome's Bijdrage tot de Ontwikkeling der Bieldende Kunst in het Westen', Mededelingen van het Nederlands Instituut te Rome, X (1940), 25-57. (French summary)

Bialostocki, J., 'Encompassing types and archetypal images', Arte Lombarda (Studi in onore di G. N. Fasola), 1964, 275-284.

*Gough, M., The Origins of Christian Art, London, 1973.

*Grabar, A., Christian Iconography: A study of its origins, London, 1969. (Good bibliography)

Kitzinger, E., 'The Hellenistic heritage of Byzantine art', Dumbarton Oaks Papers, XVII (1963), 97-115.

Krautheimer, R., Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture, Harmondsworth, 1965.

Morey, C. R., Early Christian Art. An outline of the evolution of style and iconography in sculpture and painting from Antiquity to the 8th century, Princeton, 1941.

* Oakeshott, W., Classical Inspiration in Mediaeval Art, London, 1959. (Richly illustrated)

Springer, A., Das Nachleben der Antike im Mittelalter. Bilder aus den neueren Kunstgeschichte, Bonn, 1886.

Swift, E. H., Roman Sources of Christian Art, New York, 1951. (Includes architecture)

10 Amelung, W., 'Di statue antiche trasformate in figure di santi', Mitt.DAI, XII (1897), 71-4..

11 Buddensieg, T., 'Gregory the Great, the destroyer of pagan idols. The history of a mediaeval legend concerning the decline of ancient art and literature', JWCI, XXVIII (1965), 44-65.

12 Dotzauer, W., 'Die Ankunft des Herrschers. Der fiirs-tliche "Einzug" in die Stadt (bis zum Ende des Alten Reichs)', Archivfur Kulturgeschichte, LV(1973), 245-88.

13 Fohlen, C., 'Connaissance et utilisation des tombes antiques pendant le haut moyen age', Melanges de la Societe toulonnaise des etudes classiques, II (1948), 179-93.

14 Grabar, A., The Beginnings of Christian Art, 200-395, English translation, London, 1967.

15 Haufmann, G. M. A., The Season Sarcophagus in Dumbarton Oaks, 2 vols, Cambridge, Mass., 1951.

16 Kantorowicz, E. H., 'The king's advent', AB, XXVI (1944), 207-31.

17 Lawrence, M., 'A gothic reworking of an Early Christian sarcophagus', Art Studies, VII (1929), 89-153.

18 L'Orange, H. P., Apotheosis in Ancient Portraiture, Oslo, 1947.

19 L'Orange, H. P., Studies in the Iconography of Cosmic Kingship in the Ancient World, Oslo, 1953. (139-70: 'The gesture of power.')

20 Male, E., 'L'art symbolique a la fin du moyen age: les triomphes', RAAM, XIX (1906), 111-26.

21 Saxl, F., 'Pagan and Jewish elements in Early Christian sculpture', in his Lectures, 45-57, 2 vols, London, 1957.

22 Saxl, F., 'Pagan Sacrifice in the Italian Renaissance', JWCI, II (1938/9), 346-67.

23 Schmidt, J. H., 'Nachromische Triumphtore', Das Werk des Kunstlers, I (1939), 362-99.

24 Schnitzler, H., Mittelalter und Antike. t)ber die Wieder-geburt der Antike in der Kunst des Mittelalters, Munich, 1949. (Short illustrated survey, Carolingian to Nicola Pisano)

25 Schweitzer, B., Die spdtantiken Grundlagen der mittelalterlichen Kunst, Leipzig, 1949.

Survival and revival

Bonicatti, M., 'Traccia per uno studio sull'arte tardo antica nell'ambiente urbano occidentale', Studi Mis-cellanei, I (1961), 11-27. (Good bibliography; centres on the MS. of the Vatican Virgil)

Chiri, G., 'La cultura classica nella coscienza medi-oevale', Studi Romani, II (1954), 395-410.

Curtius, E. R., European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages, English translation, London, 1953.

Demus, O., Byzantine Art and the West, London, 1970. Gargner, E., 'Zur spatantiken Renaissance', JKHS, VIII (1934), 1-28.

Hubert, J., Porcher, J., and Volbach, W. F., Europe in the Dark Ages, English translation, London, 1969.

Marrou, H.-L, Saint Augustin et la fin de la culture antique, Paris, 1938. (Problem of a balance between old and new)

Panofsky, E., and Saxl, F., 'Classical mythology in mediaeval art', Metropolitan Museum Studies, IV (2) (1933), 228-80.

*Seznec, J., The Survival of the Pagan Gods, English translation, New York, 1953.

Weitzmann, K., 'The survival of mythological representations in Early Christian and Byzantine art and their impact on Christian iconography', Dumbarton Oaks Papers, XIV (1960), 45-68.

* Wolff, P., The Awakening of Europe, Harmondsworth, 1968. (In series 'Pelican History of European Thought'; from Fall of Rome to Abelard).

26 Beckwith, J., Early Mediaeval Art, London, 1964. (30jff. for obsession with the 'authentic')

27 Beckwith, J., 'The Werden Casket Reconsidered', AB, XL (1958), 1-11.

28 Colin, J., 'La plastique "greco-romaine" dans 1'Empire carolingien', Cahiers archeologiques, II (1947), 87-114. (Explains return to Byzantine examples because of melting down of western material)

29 Cumont, F., 'L'Adoration des Mages et 1'art triomphal de Rome', Memorie della Pontifica Accademia Romana di Archeologia, III (1932), 81-105.

30 Duval, N., 'Les origines de la basilique chretienne. Etat de la question', IHA, VII (1962), 1-19.

31 Grabar, A., Martyrium: Recherches sur le culte des reliques et I'art chretien antique, 2 vols, Paris, 1943-6.

32 Ragusa, L, 'The Re-use of Roman Sarcophagi during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance', M.A. thesis (unpublished), New York Institute of Fine Arts, 1951. (I have not seen this item)

33 Simone, F., 'La coscienza della Rinascita negli umanisti', La Rinascita, II (1939), 838-71; and III (1940), 163-86.

34 Walter, C., 'Papal political imagery in the mediaeval Lateran Palace', Cahiers archeologiques, XX (1970), 155-76; and XXI (1971), 109-36.

35 Wes, W. A., 'La fin de Rome dans 1'historiographie de 1'humanisme italien', Mededelingen van het Nederlands Instituut te Rom, XXXVI (1974), 113-22.

36 Williams, P. L., 'Two Roman reliefs in Renaissance disguise', JWCI, IV (1941), 47-66.

The Carolingian Renaissance

Braunfels, W. (ed.), Karl der Grosse, Lebenswerk und Nachleben, 5 vols, Dusseldorf, 1965-3. (Especially Vols III and IV)

*Bullough, D., The Age of Charlemagne, 2nd edn, London, 1973.

Bullough, D., 'Europae pater: Charlemagne and his achievement in the light of recent scholarship', English Historical Review, LXXV (1970), 59-105.

*Conant, K. J., Carolingian and Romanesque Architecture, 800-1200, Harmondsworth, 1966.

Council of Europe, Charlemagne: oeuvre, rayonnement et survivances, Exhibition catalogue, Aix-la-Chapelle, 1965.

Davis-Weyer, C., Early Mediaeval Art 300-1150: Sources and documents, New Jersey, 1971.

Krautheimer, R., Studies in Early Christian, Mediaeval and Renaissance Art, New York, 1969. (Reprints, with additions, important articles such as 'The Carolingian revival of Early Christian architecture', ex. AB)

Laistner, M. L. W., Thought and Letters in Western Europe, 500-900, 2nd edn, London, 1957.

37 Bandmann, G., 'Die Vorbilder der Aachener Pfalzkap-elle', in Karl der Grosse, II, 424-62.

38 Beckwith, J., 'Byzantine influence at the court of Charlemagne', in Karl der Grosse, III, 288-300.

39 Belting, H., 'Der Einhardsbogen', Zf.KG, XXXVI (1973), 93-121.

40 Benson, G. R., 'New light on the origin of the Utrecht Psalter', AB, XIII (1931), 13-79.

41 Bloch, H., 'Monte Cassino, Byzantium and the West in the earlier middle ages', Dumbarton Oaks Papers, III (1946), 166-224.

42 Boselli, G., Sommario delle vite de gl'imperatori romani, Bologna, n.d. (late seventeenth century). (On medals of the emperors, short commentary)

43 Cecchelli, C., 'Ispirazione classica e biblica nell'iconografia carolingia', Studi Romani, V (1956), 523-38.

44 Crozet, R., 'Les survivances de la pensee et de 1'art antiques dans la peinture carolingienne', in Melanges d'histoire du moyen age dedies a la memoire de Louis Halphen, Paris, 1951, 165-8.

45 Falkenstein, L., Der "Laterari der karolingischen Pfalz zu Aachen, Cologne and Graz, 1966. (Aachen as a second Rome)

46 Folz, R., The Coronation of Charlemagne, English translation, London, 1974.

47 Gaehde, J. E., 'Carolingian interpretations of an Early Christian picture cycle to the Octateuch in the Bible of San Paolo fuori le Mura in Rome', Fruhmittelalterliche Studien, VIII (1974), 351-84.

48 Golzius, H., Icones Imperatorum Romanorum, Antwerp, 1645.

49 Heckscher, W. S., 'Relics of pagan antiquity in mediaeval settings', JWCI, I (1937/8), 204-20.

50 Heer, F., The Holy Roman Empire, English translation, London, 1968.

51 Hoffmann, H., 'Die Aachener Theoderichstatue' in V. R. Elbern (ed.), Das Erste Jahrtausend. Kultur und Kunst im werdenden Abendland an Rhein und Ruhr, 3 vols, Diisseldorf, 1962, 318-35.

52 Hubert, J., Volbach, W. F., and Porcher, J., Carolingian Art, English translation, London, 1970. (Quotation 35)

53 Kleinbauer, W. E., 'Charlemagne's palace chapel at Aachen and its copies', Gesta, IV (1965), 2-11.

54 Knowles, M. D., 'The preservation of the classics', in F. and C. E. Wright (ed.), The English Library before 1700, London, 1958, 136-47.

55 *Lasko, P., Ars Sacra, Harmondsworth, 1972. (Quotation 53)

56 Lavin, I., 'The house of the Lord: Aspects of the role of palace triclinia in the architecture of late Antiquity and the early Middle Ages', AB, XLIV (1962), 1-27.

57 Leroux, H., 'Figures equestres et personnages du nom de Constantin aux Xle et Xlle siecles', Bulletin de la Societe des Antiquaires de I'Ouest, XII (1974), 379-84.

58 Matthiae, G., 'La cultura artistica in Roma nel secolo IX', Rivista dell'Istituto Nazionale di Archeologia e Storia dell'Arte, III (1954), 257-74.

59 Montesquiou-Fezensac, B. de, 'L'Arc d'Emhard', Cahiers archeologiques, VIII (1956), 147-74.

60 Morey, C. R., 'The covers of the Lorsch Gospels' Speculum, III (1928), 64-74; and IV (1929), 411-29.

61 Miitherich, F., 'Die Buchmalerei am Hofe Karles des Grossen', in Karl der Grosse, III, 9-53.

62 Pacht, O., 'Notes and observations on the origin of humanistic book-decoration', in D. J. Gordon (ed.), Fritz Saxl: A volume of memorial essays, London, 1957 184-94.

63 Riche, P., Education et culture dans I'Occident barbare Vle-VIIIe siecles, Paris, 1962.

64 Rosenbaum, E., 'The evangelist portraits of the Ada School and their models', AB, XXXVIII (1956), 81-90. (Dependence on Mediterranean MSS., sixth to eighth centuries)

65 Rosenthal, E., 'Classical elements in Carolingian illustration', La Bibliofilia, LV (1953), 85-106.

66 Schober, A., 'Das Rombild der Ludwigsbulle', Anzeiger der Osterreichen Akademie der Wissenschaft, LXXXVI (1949), 410-23.

67 Schwartz, J., 'Quelques sources antiques d'ivoires caro-lingiens', Cahiers archeologiques, XI (1960), 145-62.

68 Snijder, G. A. S., 'Antique and mediaeval gems on bookcovers at Utrecht', AB, XIV (1932), 5-52.

69 Snijder, G. A. S., 'Fruhmittelalterliche Imitationen anti-ker Kameen', Germania, XVII (1933), 118-24.

70 Swarzenski, H., 'The Xanten Purple Leaf and the Carolingian Renaissance', AB, XXII (1940), 7-24.

71 Tolnay, C. de, 'The visionary evangelists of the Rei-chenau School', BM, LXIX (1936), 257-63. (Ottoman figures as 'Atlas')

72 Ullmann, B. L., The Origin and Development of Humanistic Script, Rome, 1960.

73 Verbaek, A., 'Die architektonische Nachfolge der Aachener Pfalzkapelle', in Karl der Grosse, IV, 113-56.

74 Volbach, W. F., Elfenbeinskulpturen der Spdtantike und desfruhen Mittelalters, 2nd edn, Mainz, 1952.

75 Weisbach, W., 'Les images des evangelistes dans 1'Evangiliaire d'Othon III et leurs rapports avec 1'antiquite', GBA, XXI (1939), 131-52.

76 Weitzmann, K., 'The Herakles plaques of St Peter's Cathedra', AB, LV (1973), 1-35. (Problems of dating 'revival' material)

77 Wesenberg, R., Bernwardische Plastik, Berlin, 1955.

78 Wormald, F., The Utrecht Psalter, Utrecht, 1953.

The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century

*Brooke, C., The Twelfth-Century Renaissance, London, 1969.

Durand-Lefebvre, M., Art gallo-romain et sculpture romane, Paris, 1937.

Giocarinis, K., 'Bernard of Cluny and the antique', Classica et Medievalia, XXVI (1965), 310-48. (311, note 2, for bibliographical suggestions)

Goldschmidt, A., 'Das Nachleben der antiken Formen im Mittelalter', Vortrdge der Bibliothek Warburg 1921-22, Leipzig and Berlin, 1923, 40-9.

Hamann-Maclean, R. H. L., 'Antikenstudium in der Kunst des Mittelalters', Marburger Jahrbuch fur Kunst-wissenschaft, XV (1949 and 1950), 157-250.

Liebeschiitz, H., 'Das 12. Jahrhundert und die Antike', Archivfur Kulturgeschichte, XXXV (1953), 247-71.

Pacht, O., 'The pre-carolingian roots of early roman-esque art', in Acts, I, 67-75.

Sanford, E. M., 'The twelfth century—renaissance or proto-renaissance?', Speculum XXVI (1951), 635^2.

Sauerlander, W., 'Art antique et sculpture autour 1200', Art de France, I (1961), 47-56. (Fountain bowl of the Sens School with strong antique connections)

Shearer, C., The Renaissance of Architecture in Southern Italy, Cambridge, 1935.

Southern, R. W., Mediaeval Humanism and Other Studies, Oxford, 1970.

79 Adhemar, J., Influences antiques dans I'art du moyen age francais; recherches sur les sources et les themes d'inspiration, London, 1939. (Survey from Merovingian times to the Due de Berry; 208jff. for cult of Charlemagne)

80 Benoit, F., 'La legende d'Hercule a Saint-Trophime d'Arles', Latomus,lX (1950), 67-71.

81 Bloch, M., Land and Work in Mediaeval Europe, English translation, London, 1967. (1-43: 'The Empire and the idea of Empire under the Hohenstaufen')

82 Boutemy, A., and Vercouteren,^., 'Foulcoie de Beauvais et 1'interet pour 1'archeologie antique au Xle et Xlle siecle', Latomus, I (3) (1937), 173-86.

83 Demus, O., 'A Renascence of Early Christian art in the 13th century in Venice', K. Weitzmann (ed.), Late classical and mediaeval studies in honour of A. M. Friend Jnr., Princeton, N.J., 1955, 348-61.

84 Deschamps, P., 'Etude sur la renaissance de la sculpture a 1'epoque romane', Bulletin Monumental (1925), 5-98.

85 Durliat, M., 'L'art roman en France', Journal des Savants (1972), 114-38. (Etat de la question; large number of references)

86 Glass, D., 'Romanesque sculpture in Campania and Sicily: a problem of method', AB, LVI (1974), 315-24. (Use of antique sources; well referenced)

87 Horn, W., Die Fassade von St-Gilles, eine Untersuchung zur Frage des Antikeneinflusses in der sudfranzosischen Kunst des 12. Jahrhunderts, dissertation, Hamburg, 1937.

88 Jullian, R., 'Les survivances antiques dans la sculpture lombarde', Etudes Italiennes, I (1931), 131-40, 217-28.

89 Lassalle, V., L'Influence antique dans I'art roman provencal, Paris, 1970.

90 Nochles, K., 'Die Fassade von S. Pietro in Tuscania. Bin Beitrag zur Frage der Antikenrezeption im 12. und 13. Jahrhundert in Mittelitalien', Romisches Jahrbuch fur Kunstgeschichte, IX-X (1961/2), 15-72.

91 Paatz, W., 'Italien und die kiinstlerischen Bewegungen der Gotik und Renaissance', Romisches Jahrbuch fur Kunstgeschichte, V (1941), 165-222.

92 Panofsky, E., Renaissance and Renascences in Western Art, Copenhagen, 1960. (Quotation 113)

93 Pope-Hennessy, J., Italian Gothic Sculpture, London, 1955. (Quotation 5)

94 Rey, R., 'Quelques survivances antiques dans la sculp^ ture meridionale', GBA (1928), 173-91.

95 Wentzel, H., 'Portraits "a 1'antique" on French mediaeval gems and seals', JWCI, XVI (1953), 342-50.

2 Antique Art and the Renaissance: a Gallery of Types

Meyer-Weinschel, A., Renaissance und Antike. Beobachtungen uber das Aufkommen der antikisierenden Gewandgebung in der Kunst der italienischen Renaissance, Reutlingen, 1933. (Wide-ranging; concentrates on drapery; 244 illus.)

Panofsky, E., Tomb Sculpture: Four lectures on its changing aspect from ancient Egypt to Bernini, ed. H. W. Janson, New York, 1964.

Rowland, B., 'Montecavallo revisited', AQ, XXX (1967), 143-52. (Fame of the Horse-tamers in the Renaissance)

Rubinstein, R. O., 'A Bacchic sarcophagus in the Renaissance', in The Classical Tradition (British Museum Yearbook No. 1), London, 1976, 103-56. (The sarcophagus is now in the British Museum, London)

Saxl, F., 'Rinascimento dell'antichita. Studien zu den Arbeiten A. Warburgs', Repertorium fur Kunst-wissenschaft, XLIII (1922), 220-72.

Schmitt, A., 'Gentile da Fabriano und der Beginn der Antikennachzeichnung', Munchner Jahrbuch, XI (1960), 91-146. (With catalogue)

96 Ansaldi, G. R., 'H Laocoonte del rinascimento e il Laocoonte dell'antichita', Emporium, CI (1945), 54-61. (Copies and reconstructions)

97 Antal, F., 'Some examples of the role of the maenad in Florentine art of the later 15th and early 16th centuries', JWCI, I (1937/8), 71-3.

98 Bieber, M., Laocoon: the influence of the group since its rediscovery, New York, 1942.

99 Bober, P. P., 'An antique sea-thiasos in the Renaissance', in L. F. Sandier (ed.), Essays in memory of Karl Lehmann, New York, 1964, 43-48. (Similar in intention to Loeffler's article, below)

100 Bober, P. P., 'The census of antique works of art known to Renaissance artists', in Acts, II, 82-9. (Files at Warburg Institute, London)

101 Chastel, A., Art et humanisms a Florence au temps de Laurent le Magnifique, Paris, 1961. (631-71: 'Le Musee Etrusque et 1'Etruscan Revival')

102 Dacos, N., 'A propos d'un fragment de sarcophage de Grottaferrata et de son influence a la Renaissance', Bulletin de I'Institut Historique Beige de Rome, XXXIII (1961), 143-50.

103 Dacos, N., La Decouverte de la domus aurea et la formation des grotesques d la Renaissance, London, 1969.

104 Dacos, N., 'Ghirlandaio et 1'antique', Bulletin de I'Institut Historique Beige de Rome, XXXIV (1962), 419-55. (Example of a sketch-book at work)

105 Essen, C. van, 'Element! etruschi nel rinascimento toscano', Studi Etruschi, XIII (1939), 497-9. (Cites many comparisons)

106 Essen, C. van, 'Les frises dans le Cortile du Palazzo Spada a Rome', Bulletin van de Vereeniging tot Bevorder-ing der Kennis van de Antieke Beschaving, XXIV and XXVI (1949/51), 91-5.

107 Ettlinger, L., 'Exemplum doloris: reflections on the Laocoon group', in M. Meiss (ed.), De Artibus Opuscula XL. Essays in honour of Erwin Panofsky, New York, 1961, 121-6.

108 Friederichs, C., and Wolters, P., Die Gispabgusse antiker Bildwerk, Berlin, 1885. (Heckscher calls this 'the nearest thing to a census of antiques')

109 Herbig, R., 'Etrusca aeterna', in Studies presented to David M. Robinson, St. Louis, Missouri, 1951, I, 730-5.

110 Keller, H., Das Nachleben des antiken Bildnisses von der Karolingerzeit bis zur Gegenwart, Freiburg im Breslau, 1970.

1 lOa Lanciani, R., Storia degli Scavi di Roma, 4 vols, 1902-12. (Re-use of sarcophagi, I, 29-36)

111 Lawrence, M., 'City Gate sarcophagi', AB, X (1927), 1^5.

112 Lawrence, M., 'Columnar sarcophagi in the Latin West', AB, XVI (1932), 103-85.

113 Loeffler, E. P., 'A famous antique: a Roman sarcophagus at the Los Angeles Museum', AB, XXXIX (1957), 1-7. (Influence of one sarcophagus over centuries)

114 Oleson, J. P., 'A reproduction of an Etruscan tomb in the Parco dei Mostri at Bomarzo', AB, LVII (1975), 410-17. (Note 50 for further references)

115 Prandi, A., 'La fortuna del Laocoonte della sua scoperta nelle Terme di Tito', Rivista dell'Istituto Nazionale d'Archeologia e Storia dell'Arte, III (1954), 78-107.

116 *Salis, A. von, Antike und Renaissance: uber Nachleben

und Weiterwirken der alien in der neueren Kunst, Erlen-bach and Zurich, 1947. ('Monographs' on antique types: 35-60: Domus aurea; 136-53: Laocoon; 165-89: Belvedere torso; etc.)

117 Schwinn, C., Die Bedeutung des Torso von Belvedere fiir Theorie und Praxis der bildendend Kunst von 16. Jahrhun-dert bis Winckelmann, Berne and Frankfurt-am-Main, 1973.

118 Trachtenberg, M., 'An antique model for Donatello's marble David', AB, L (1969), 286-9. (Etruscan bronze goddess, Museo Archeologico, Florence)

119 Vermeule, C. C., 'The Dal Pozzo-Albani drawings of classical antiquities in the British Museum', Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, L (part 5), Philadelphia, 1960. (Short introduction; well-illustrated catalogue; see also items 603-5 below)

120 Winner, M., 'Zum Apoll vom Belvedere', Jahrbuch der Berliner Museen, X (1968), 181-99.

121 Winner, M., 'Zum Nachleben des Laokoon in der Renaissance', Jahrbuch der Berliner Museen, XVI (1974), 83-121.

3 Roma Quanta Fuit Ipsa Ruina Docet

The idea of Rome in the Middle Ages

Besso, M., Roma e il Papa nei proverbi e nei modi di dire, rev. ed, Rome and Florence, 1971. (31-82: 'Roma Caput Mundi')

Brentano, R., Rome Before Avignon, London, 1974. (Ch. I: 'The Physical City'; ch. II: 'The Ideal City')

Dupre Theseider, E., L'idea imperiale di Roma nella tradizione del medio evo, Milan, 1942.

Mazzolani, L. S., The Idea of the City in Roman Thought, English translation, London, 1970. (Civitas/urbs, usually focused on Rome)

Mommsen, T. E., 'Petrarch's conception of the dark ages', Speculum, XVII (1942), 226-42. (As very dark)

Schneider, P., Rom und Romgedanke im Mittelalter: Die geistigen Grundlagen der Renaissance, Munich, 1926. (General survey)

122 Bayley, C. C., 'Petrarch, Charles IV and the renovatio imperii', Speculum, XVII (1942), 323-41. (Petrarch's desire to restore Rome, Italy and the Empire)

123 Bracco, V., 'Il ricordo dei monumenti di Roma e del mondo romano nella Divina Commedia', Studi Romani, XIII (1965), 281-95.

124 Brezzi, P., Roma e I'impero medioevale, 774-1252, Bologna, 1947.

125 Buschhausen, H., 'Das Alterbildnis Kaiser Friedrichs II', JKHS, LXX (1974), 7-38.

126 Davis, C. T., Dante and the Idea of Rome, Oxford, 1957. (Large bibliography)

127 Demus, O., 'A renascence of Early Christian art in 13th century Venice', in K. Weitzmann (ed.), Classical and mediaeval studies in honour of A. M. Friend, Princeton, 1955, 348-61.

128 Graf, A., Roma nella memoria e nelle immaginazioni del medio evo, Turin, 1915.

129 Gregorovius, F., The History of the City of Rome in the Middle Ages, English translation, London, 1900jff. (I, 296jff. for barbarian destruction and renovation)

130 *Hammer, W., 'The concept of the New or Second Rome

in the middle ages', Speculum, XIX (1944), 50-62.

131 Kantorowicz, E., Frederick the Second, 1194-1250, English translation, London, 1931. (Especially 441-516)

132 Kaschnitz-Weinberg, G., 'Bildnisse Friedrichs II von Hohenstaufen. I: Der Kolossalkopf aus Lanuvium', Mitt.DAI, LX/LXI (1953/4), 1-21.

133 Lavagnino, E., 'II Campidoglio al tempo di Petrarca', Capitolium, XV (1941), 103-14. (With survey of later developments)

134 Lenkeith, N., Dante and the Legend of Rome, London, 1952. (Mediaeval and Renaissance Studies, Supplement

135 Llewellyn, P., Rome in the Dark Ages, London, 1970.

136 Mattei, R. de, 'Petrarca e Roma', Studi Romani, XXII (1974), 155-71.

137 Pratt, K. J., 'Rome as eternal', JHI, XXXVI (1965), 25^4.

138 Rubinstein, N., 'The beginnings of political thought in Florence. A study in mediaeval historiography', JWCI, V (1942), 198-227. (Florentine 'nationalism' and links with antique Roman example)

139 Rubinstein, N., 'Vasari's painting of The Foundation of Florence in the Palazzo Vecchio', in D. Fraser, H. Hibbard, and M. J. Lewine (eds.), Essays in the History of Architecture presented to Rudolf Wittkower, London, 1967, 64-73.

140 Schramm, P. E., Kaiser Rom und Renovatio, 2nd edn, Darmstadt, 1957.

141 Tellenbach, G., 'La citta di Roma dal IX al XI secolo vista dai contemporanei d'oltre frontiera', Studi storici in onore di Ottorino Bertolini, Pisa, 1972, II, 679-734.

142 *Van Cleve, T. C., The Emperor Frederick II of Hohenstaufen, Immutator Mundi, Oxford, 1972. (Especially 333-46)

143 Weiss, R., 'Petrarch the antiquarian', in C. Henderson Jnr. (ed.), Classical and mediaeval studies in honour of B. L. Ullmann, Rome, 1964, II, 199-209.

144 Weiss, R., The Renaissance Discovery of Classical Antiquity, Oxford, 1969. (Numerous footnotes, but no bibliography; quotation, 191)

145 Wentzel, H., 'Der Augustalis Friedrichs II und die abendlandische Glyptik des 13. Jahrhunderts', Zf.KG, XV (1952), 183-7.

146 Witt, R., 'Coluccio Salutati and the origins of Florence', II pensiero politico, 11(1969), 161-72.

Attitudes to the Monuments during the Middle Ages

Hiilsen, C., Le chiese di Roma nei medio evo, Florence, 1927.

Ross, J. B., 'A study of twelfth-century interest in the antiquities of Rome', in J. L. Gate and E. N. Anderson (eds.), Mediaeval and historical essays in honour of J. W. Thompson, Chicago, 1938, 302-21. (Refers to Bishop of Winchester's purchases, of which nothing remains)

147 Ackerman, J. S., 'Marcus Aurelius on the Capitoline Hill', Renaissance News, X (1957), 69-75.

148 Ashby, T., and Dougill, W., 'The Capitol, Rome, its history and development', Town planning review, XII (1927), 159-80.

149 Boiiard, A. de, 'Gli antichi marmi di Roma nei medio evo', Archivio della societd romana di storia patria, XXXIV (1911), 239^5.

150 Comparetti, D., Virgilio nei medio evo, 2nd edn (by G. Pasquali), Florence, 1937.

151 Coulter, C., 'Boccaccio's archaeological knowledge', American Journal of Archaeology, XLI (1937), 397-405.

152 Deer, J., 'The dynastic porphyry tombs of the Norman period in Sicily' (Dumbarton Oaks Studies, V), Cambridge, Mass., 1959. (150-4 for political implications)

153 Fedele, P., 'Sul commercio delle antichita in Roma nei XII secolo', Archivio della societd romana di storia patria, XXXIII (1909), 465-70.

154 Glass, D., 'Papal patronage in the early 12th century: notes on the iconography of cosmatesque pavements', JWCI, XXXIII (1969), 386-90.

155 Glass, D., 'Studies in Cosmatesque Pavements', Unpublished Ph.D thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 1968. (122jff. for ritual use of porphyry, and mingling of sacred and profane)

156 Heckscher, W. S., Die Romruinen. Die geistigen Voraussetzungen ihrer Wertung im Mittelalter und in der Renaissance, dissertation, Hamburg, 1936. (Review by W. Hammer in Classical Philology, XXXIII (1938), 433-5)

157 Hiilsen, C., Bilder aus der Geschichte des Kapitols, Rome, 1889.

158 Lanciani, R., The Destruction of Ancient Rome, London and New York, 1899.

159 Mann, J. G., 'Instances of antiquarian feeling in mediaeval and renaissance art', Archaeological Jnl, LXXXIX (1932), 254-74.

160 Mitchell, C., 'The Lateran fresco of Boniface VIII', JWCI, XIV (1951), 1-6. (Papal adoption of the imperial idea)

161 Mommsen, T. E., 'Petrarch and the decoration of the Sala Virorum Illustrium in Padua', AB, XXXIV (1952), 95-116.

162 Miintz, E., 'Etudes iconographiques. La legende du sorcier Virgile dans 1'art du XlVe, XVe et XVIe siecles', Monatsberichte fiir Kunst und Kunstwissenschaft, II (1902), 85-91.

163 Miintz, E., 'La tradition antique chez les artistes du moyen age', Journal des savants (1887), 629^12; (1888), 40-50, 162-177. (Nominally a review of Springer's Das Nachleben der Antike im Mittelalter)

164 Nochles, K., 'Die Kunst des Cosmaten und die Idee der Renovatio Romae', in Festschrift Werner Hager zum 65. Geburtstag, Recklinghausen, 1966, 17-37.

165 Pietrangeli, C., 'I palazzi capitolini nei medioevo', Capitolium, XXXIX (1964), 191-4. (Very well illustrated)

166 Quinones, R. J., The Renaissance Discovery of Time, Cambridge, Mass., 1972. (Literary rather than philosophical)

167 Rodocanachi, E., Le Capitole romain, antique et moderne, Paris, 1904. (Contrasting attitudes, medieval and later)

168 Rushforth, G. McN., 'Magister Gregorius De Mirabilius Urbis Romae', Journal of Roman Studies, IX (1919), 14-58.

169 Schmitt, A., 'Zur Wiederbelebung der Antike im Trecento. Petrarcas Rom-Idee in ihrer Wirkung auf die Paduaner Malerei. Die methodische Einbeziehung des romischen Miinzbildnisses in die Ikonographie "Ber-iihmter Manner",' Mitt.KHIF, XVIII (1974), 167-218.

170 Schudt, L., Le guide di Roma: Materialen zu einer Geschichte der romischen Topographic, Vienna and Augsburg, 1930. (Divided by language of guide-book and then by type: topographical, antiquarian, architectural, etc.)

171 Siebenhiiber, H., Das Kapitol in Rom. Idee und Gestalt, Munich, 1954. (Cf. Ackerman's review in AB, XXXVIII (1956), 55-7, with further references)

172 Spargo, J. W., Virgil the Necromancer, Cambridge, Mass., 1934.

173 Turner, A. R., The Vision of Landscape in Renaissance Italy, Princeton, 1966. (Ch. VIII: 'In ruinous perfection')

174 Valentini, R., and Zucchetti, G., Codice topografico della Cilia di Roma, Rome, 1940-53. (IV, 65-73, for Dondi's account; cf. Panofsky's Renaissance and renascences . . ., 208-9, for Dondi's account as quoted in text)

175 Weiss, R., 'Lineamenti per una storia degli studi anti-quarii in Italia dal dodicesimo secolo al sacco di Roma del 1527', Rinascimento, IX (1958), 141-201. (Large bibliography)

Rome after the return of the Popes from Avignon

Ettlinger, L., The Sistine Chapel before Michelangelo, Oxford, 1965.

Hermanin, P., Die Stadt Rom im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert, Leipzig, 1911. (The appearance of the City)

Mariani, V., Incontri con Roma nei Rinascimento: L. B. Alberti, Donatella, A. Mantegna, Raffaello, Rome, 1960.

Miintz, E., L'art a la cour des papes. Innocent VIII, Alexandre VI, Pie III (1484-1503). Recueil de documents inedits oupeu connus, Paris, 1898.

Pastor, L., The history of the popes from the close of the middle ages, English translation, London, 1891jff. (40 vols)

Roeder, H., 'The borders of Filarete's bronze doors to St. Peter's', JWCI, X (1947), 150-3. (Mixture of classical literature and medieval style)

176 Battisti, E., 'L'antichita in Nicolo V e 1'iconografia della Cappella Sistina', in // mondo antico nel Rinascimento (Atti del V Convegno di studi sul Rinascimento), Florence, 1958, 207-16.

177 Ciaccio, L., 'La scultura romana del Rinascimento. Primo periodo (sino al Pontificate di Pio II)', L'Arte, IX (1906), 165-84, 345-56, 433-41. (Conscious antiquarianism)

178 Esch, A., 'Florentiner in Rom um 1400', Quellen und Forschungen, LII (1972), 476-525.

179 Fontana, V., Artisti e commitenti nella Roma del Quattrocento. Leon Battista Alberti e la sua opera mediatrice, Rome, 1973. (Good sketch concerning 1417-83)

180 *Gabel, L. C., 'The first revival of Rome, 1420-1484', in

The Renaissance reconsidered. A symposium (Smith College studies in history, XLIV), 1964, 13-25.

181 Giordani, P., 'Scultura romana del Quattrocento. I basso-rilievi del Tabernacolo di Sisto IV, L'Arte, X (1907), 263-75.

182 Greco, A., 'Momenti e figure deU'umanesimo romano', in Aspetti deU'umanesimo a Roma (Lectures at the Istituto di Studi Romani, 1967/8), Rome, 1969, 31-72.

183 Home, H., 'An account of Rome in 1450', Revue archeologique, X (1907), 82-97. (The Zibaldone of Giovanni Rucellai)

184 Kennedy, R. W., 'The contribution of Martin V to the rebuilding of Rome, 1420-31', in The Renaissance reconsidered. A symposium (Smith College studies in history, XLIV), 1964, 27-52.

185 Pietrangeli, C., 'I palazzi capitolini nel Rinascimento', Capitolium, XXXIX (1964), 195-8. (Includes a model of the Senatorio before Michelangelo's alterations)

186 *Saxl, F., 'The Capitol during the Renaissance—a symbol

of the imperial idea', in his Lectures, 2 vols, London, 1957, 200-14.

187 Ullmann, B. L., The humanism of Coluccio Salutati, Padua, 1963.

Scholarly study of the antiquities of Rome

Billanovich, G., Iprimi umanisti e le tradizioni dei classici latini, Freiburg, 1953.

Dudley, D. R., Urbs Roma. A source book of classical texts on the city and its monuments, London, 1967.

Francastel, P., 'La fete mythologique au Quattrocento. Expression litteraire et visualisation plastique', Revue d'Esthetique, V (1952), 376-410. \

Marchant, H. J., 'Papal inscriptions iri^Ronie, 1417-1527', unpublished M.Phil, dissertation, London University, 1973. (With much on epigraphic styles)

Morison, S., Politics and script. Aspects of authority and freedom in the development of Graeco-Latin script . . . (Lyell Lectures 1957, ed. N. Barker), Oxford, 1972. (264ff: 'From Martin V to Sixtus V)

Stark, C. B., Systematik und Geschichte der Archdologie der Kunst, Leipzig, 1880. (I, 80-161, for history of Renaissance antiquarianism)

188 Allen, D. C., Mysteriously meant. The rediscovery of pagan symbolism and allegorical interpretation in the Renaissance, Baltimore and London, 1970. (Ch. IX,

'The symbolical interpretations of Renaissance antiquarians'—but no more than disconnected notes)

189 * Burke, P., The Renaissance sense of the past, London,

1969. (Extracts with commentaries; resume in Journal of World History, II (1969), 615-32)

190 Castagnoli, F., 'Raffaello e le antichita di Roma', in Raffaello—L'opera, le fonti, la fortuna, ed. M. Salmi, Novara, 1968, II, 571-86.

191 Goldschmidt, E. P., The printed book of the Renaissance, Cambridge, 1950. (74jff.)

192 Hill, G. F., 'Classical influence on the Italian medal', BM, XVIII (1911), 259-69.

193 Kuthmann, H., Overbeck, B., Steinhilber, D., and Weber, L, Bauten Roms auf Munzen und Medaillen (Exhibition, Staatlichen Mimzsammlung Munich, 1973), Munich, 1973. (Buildings of Rome in antique, medieval and modern times; well illustrated)

194 Lanciani, R., 'La pianta di Roma antica e i disegni archeologici di Raffaello Sanzio', Rendiconti dell'Accademia dei Lincei, 1895, 791-804.

195 Meiss, M-, 'Toward a more comprehensive Renaissance palaeography', AB, XLII (1960), 97-112. (Revival of the Imperial Roman majuscule)

196 *Momigliano, A., 'Ancient history and the antiquarian',

JWCI, XIII (1950), 285-315. (Fundamental article on distinction between history and antiquarianism)

197 Robathan, D. M., 'Flavio Biondo's Roma instaurata', Medievalia et humanistica, I (1970), 203-16.

198 Rosati, F. P., 'Ispirazione classica nella medaglia italiana del Rinascimento', in La medaglia d'arte (Atti del primo convegno internazionale di studi, Udine, 1970), Udine, 1973, 95-105. (Basic bibliography)

199 *Scherer, M., The marvels of ancient Rome, New York, 1955. (Pictorial commentary)

200 Spring, P., 'The topographical and archaeological study of the antiquities of the City of Rome, 1420-1447', unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Edinburgh University, 1972.

201 Wardrop, J., The script of humanism. Some aspects of humanistic script, 1460-1560, Oxford, 1963. (1-18: 'The rise of humanistic cursive: antiquarian and scholarly influences', with useful references)

202 Weiss, R., 'Andrea Fulvio antiquario romano', Annali della scuola normale superiore di Pisa: lettere, storia e filosofia, Pisa (1959), 1^14.

203 Weiss, R. (ed.), Andrea Fulvio: Illustrium Imagines, Rome, 1967. (Includes account of numismatic studies in the Renaissance)

204 Weiss, R., 'Biondo Flavio archeologico', Studi Romag-noli, XIV (1963), 335^1.

205 Weiss, R., 'Traccia per una biografia di Annio da Viterbo', IMU, V (1962), 425^1. (Scholar notorious as a literary forger)

206 Weiss, R., 'The study of ancient numismatics during the Renaissance', Numismatic chronicle, VIII (1968), 177-87.

The collecting of Antiquities

Clain-Stefanelli, E. E., Numismatics: an ancient science. A survey of its history, Washington, 1940.

Degenhardt, B., 'Michele di Giovanni di Bartolo: disegni dall'antico e il Camino "Delia lole" ', Bollettino d'Arte, XXXV (1950), 208-15.

Hoist, N. von, Creators, collectors and connoisseurs. The anatomy of artistic taste from antiquity to the present day, English translation, London, 1967.

Miintz, E., Les antiquitez de la ville de Rome au XlVe, XVe et XVIe siecles. Topographic, monuments, collections, Paris, 1886.

Taylor, F. H., The taste of angels. A history of art collecting from Rameses to Napoleon, Boston, 1948.

Van der Meulen, M., 'Cardinal Cesi's antique sculpture garden: notes on a painting by Hendrick van Cleef III', BM, CXVI (1974), 14-24. (Painting dated 1550)

207 Brummer, H. H., The Statue Court of the Vatican Belvedere, Stockholm, 1970.

208 Carettoni, G., 'La riscoperta dei monumenti romani', in Aspetti deU'umanesimo a Roma (lectures at the Istituto di studi romani, 1967/8), Rome, 1969, 75-84.

209 Chastel, A., Art et humanisme a Florence au temps de Laurent le Magnifique, Paris, 1961. (31-82 on collecting)

210 Dannenfeldt, K. H., 'Egypt and Egyptian antiquities in the Renaissance', Studies in the Renaissance, VI (1959), 7-27.

211 Fanelli, V., 'Aspetti della Roma cinquecentesca. Le case e le raccolte archeologiche del Colcci', Studi Romani, X (1962), 391-402.

212 Goodhart, P. (ed.), Two Renaissance book hunters. The letters ofPoggius Bracciolini to Nicolaus de Niccolis, New York and London, 1974.

213 Heckscher, W. S., Aeneas Insignes Statuas Romano Popolo Restituendas Censuit, The Hague, n.d.

214 Hubner, P. G., Le statue di Roma. Grundlagen fur eine Geschichte der antiken Monumente in der Renaissance (Romische Forschungen, Biblioteca Hertziana, II), Leipzig, 1912. (Uncompleted; cf. important review by C. Hiilsen in Gottingischen gelehrten Anzeiger, V (1914), 257-311)

215 Hiilsen, C., Romische Antikengarten des XVI Jahrhun-derts, Heidelberg, 1917. (Illustrated catalogue of the collections of Cardinals Cesi and Carpi, and of the Cardinal of Ferrara)

216 Hiilsen, C., 'Scavi e scavatori nel Rinascimento', Mar-zocco, 30 March 1913 (from a lecture).

217 Magnaguti, A., 'La piu illustre collezionista del Rinascimento', Rivista italiana di numismatica, XXVI (1913), 389-94. (Some of Isabella d'Este's coins came from Delos)

218 Michaelis, A., 'Storia della collezione capitolina di antichita fino all'inaugurazione del Museum', Mitt, kaiserlich DAI, VI (1891), 3-66. (12-15 for gift of Sixtus IV)

219 Miintz, E., 'Le Musee du Capitole et les autres collections remains a la fin du 15e siecle et au commencement du 16e siecle', Revue archeologique, XLIII (1882), 24-36.

220 Miintz, E., Les collections des Medicis au XVe siecle, Paris and London, 1888.

221 Robert-Delondre, L., 'Les sujets antiques dans la tapis-serie', Revue archeologique, V (1917), 296-309; VII (1918), 131-50; IX (1919), 48-63; X (1919), 294-333. (14th-16th centuries)

222 Sabbadini, R., Le scoperte dei codici latini egreci ne' secoli XIV e XV, Florence, 1905.

224 Venturi, A., 'Les Triomphes de Petrarque dans 1'art representatif, RAAM (1906), 81-209. (The antique in court life)

225 Weiss, R., Un umanista veneziano: Papa Paolo II, Venice and Rome, 1958.

226 Zappert, G., 'Uber Antiquitaten Funde im Mittelalter', Sitzungsberichte der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophische-historische Klasse, II, iv (1850), 752-98. (Well documented)

The use of antiquities by artists

Bartoli, A., I monumenti antichi di Roma dei disegni degli Ujfizi, 5 vols, Rome, 1914-22.

Berlin-Dahlem: Kupferstichkabinett, Zeichner sehen die Antike. Europdische Handzeichnungen 1450-1800 (Exhibition), Berlin-Dahlem, 1967. (Discursive; many references)

Warburg, A., La rinascita del paganismo antico. Contri-buti alia storia della cultura, Italian translation, Florence, 1966.

Waetzoldt, W., Das klassische Land. Wandlungen der Italien-Sehnsucht, Leipzig, 1927. (Survey of North European interest in Italy)

Weise, G., Renaissance und Antike, Tubingen, 1953. (Well referenced, well illustrated)

227 Ashby, T., 'Antiquae statuae urbis Romae', Papers of the British School at Rome, IX (1920), 107-58. (Cavalieri's enormous success, from c. 1561)

228 Berlin: Staatliche Museen, Katalog der Ornament-stichsammlung der Staatlichen Kunstbibliothek Berlin, 2 vols, Berlin, 1939. (Invaluable reference tool of over 5,000 entries)

229 Bober, P., 'The census of antique works of art known to Renaissance artists', in Acts, II, 82-9.

230 Brigode, S., 'Les recueils de monuments d'ltalie', Bulletin de I'lnstitut historique Beige de Rome, XIV (1934), 242-56. (Lists the main books)

231 Calarco, A. S., 'Commemorative monuments in 16th century Italy', unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Case Western Reserve University, 1973.

232 Dacos, N., 'Ghirlandaio et 1'antique', Bulletin de I'lnstitut historique Beige de Rome, XXXIV (1962), 419-55.

233 Egger, H., Codex Escurialensis. Bin Skizzenbuch aus der Werkstatt Domenico Ghirlandaios, Vienna, 1906.

234 Fienga, D. D., 'The Antiquarie Prospettiche Romane composts per Prospectivo Melanese Depictore: a document for the study of the relationship between Bramante and Leonardo da Vinci', unpublished Ph.D. thesis, University of California, 1971.

235 Giglioli, G. A., 'La Calumnia d'Apelle', Rassegna d'arte antica e moderna, VII (1920), 173-82.

236 Gilbert, C., 'Antique frameworks for Renaissance art theory: Alberti and Pino', Marsyas, III (1945), 87-98.

237 Ivins, W., Prints and visual communication, Cambridge, Mass., 1969.

238 Lloyd, C. H., Art and its images, exhibition, Bodleian Library, Oxford, 1975. (5-23 for problems of accuracy)

223 Scheicher, E., 'Die "Trionfi". Eine Tapisserienfolge des 239 Smith, W., 'Definitions of statua', AB (1968), 263-7.

240 Thode, H., Die Antiken in den Stichen Marcanton's, Agostino Veneziano's und Marco Dente's, Leipzig, 1881.

241 Zerner, H., 'A propos de faux Marcantoine. Notes sur les amateurs d'estampes a la Renaissance', Bibliotheque d'humanisme et de renaissance, XXIII (1961), 477-81.

What is a forgery?

Ashmole, B., Forgeries of ancient sculpture: creation and detection (J. L. Myres Memorial Lecture), Oxford, 1961. (Examples c. 1800, c. 1850 and c. 1920)

Bianchi Bandinelli, R., 'An "antique" reworking of an antique head', JWCI, IX (1946), 1-9. (Exercise after the antique by Nanni di Banco?)

Bruand, Y., 'La restauration des sculptures antiques du Cardinal Ludovisi', Melanges d'archeologie et d'histoire, LXVIII (1956), 397-418. (Differing attitudes to tampering with originals)

Cagiano de Azevedo, M., IIgusto del restauro delle opere d'arte antiche, Rome, 1948.

Hayward, J. F., 'Spurious antique vase designs of the 16th century', BM, CXIV (1972), 378-^86.

Oechslin, W., 'II Laocoonte—o dei restauri delle statue antichi', Paragone arte, CCLXXXVII (1974), 3-29.

Paul, J., 'Antikenerganzung und Ent-Restaurierung', Kunstchronik, XXV (1972), 85-112. (Account of 1972 symposium)

Pope-Hennessy, J., 'Michelangelo's Cupid: the end of a chapter', BM, XCVIII (1956), 403-11. (Roman with sixteenth-century head)

Revue de I'Art 'Copies, repliques, faux', RA, XXI (1973), 5-31. (Survey from Antiquity onwards)

Shapiro, M., 'Renaissance or Neo-Classic? A forgery after the antique reconsidered', AB, XLIV (1962), 131-5.

Tietze, H., 'The psychology and aesthetics of forgery in art', Metropolitan Museum Studies, V (1934), 1-19.

Wolters, W., 'Eine Antikenerganzung aus dem Kreis des Donatello', Pantheon, XXXIII (1974), 130-3. (An antique statue transformed into a saint)

242 Buitron, D. M., 'The Alexander Nelidow: A Renaissance bronze?', AB, LV (1973), 393-^100.

243 Courajod, L., Limitation et la contrefacon des objets d'art antiques au XlVe et XVe siecles, Paris, 1889. (The best survey)

244 Gorini, G., 'Appunti su Giovanni di Cavino', in La Meddglia d'Arte (Atti del primo convegno in-ternazionale di studi, Udine, 1970), Udine, 1973, 110-20. (The most notorious coin forger)

245 Greenhalgh, M., 'A Paduan medal of Queen Artemesia, of Caria', Numismatic Chronicle, XII (1972), 295-303. )

246 Kuhlenthal, M., 'The Alberini sarcophagusr^Re-naissance copy or antique?', AB, LVI (1974), 414-21. (Antique from Eastern Empire; much comparative material)

247 Williams, P. L., 'Two Roman reliefs in Renaissance disguise', JWCI, VI (1940/1), 47-66.

The use of antiquities by builders

248 Gloton, J., 'Transformation et reemploi des monuments du passe dans la Rome du XVIe siecle: les monuments antiques', Melanges d'archeologie et d'histoire, LXXIV (1962), 705-58.

249 Jestaz, B., 'L'exportation des marbres de Rome de 1535 a 1571', Melanges d'archeologie et d'histoire, LXXV (1963), 415-66. (Thorough)

250 Mahon, D., 'Nicolas Poussin and Venetian painting', BM, LXXXVIII (1946), 19, note 39.

251 Miintz, E., 'Les monuments antiques de Rome a 1'epoque de la Renaissance', Revue archeologique, III (1884), 296-313.

252 Pedretti, C., A chronology of Leonardo da Vinci's architectural studies after 1500, Geneva, 1962. (162-71 for Letter to Leo X)

253 Rodocanachi, E., 'Les anciens monuments de Rome, 15e-18e siecle. Attitude du Saint-Siege a leur egard', Revue archeologique, IV (1913), 171-83.

The use of antiquities by landowners

Coarelli, F., 'L'Ara di Domizio Enobarbo e la cultura artistica in Roma nel II secolo a.C.', Dialoghi di Archeo-logia, II (1968), 302-68. (See 318-25 for use of altar reliefs as decoration for Palazzo Santacroce, Piazza di Branca, Rome, during seventeenth and eighteenth centuries)

McKay, A. G., Houses, villas and palaces in the Roman world, London, 1975.

254 Bianchini, P., // Palazzo dei Cesari, Verona, 1738.

255 Boni, G., 'L'Arcadia sul Palatino', Bollettino d'Arte, VIII (1914), 369-80.

256 Carettoni, G., 'II Foro Romano nel medio evo e nel Rinascimento', Studi Romani, XI (1963), 406-16.

257 Carettoni, G., 'II Palatino nel medio evo', Studi Romani, IX (1961), 508-18.

258 Carini, I., L 'Arcadia dal 1690 al 1890, Rome, 1891.

259 Eaton, C. A., Rome in the 19th century, ed. cit., London, 1892. (II, 276, for quotation)

260 Giess, H., 'Studien zur Farnese-Villa am Palatin', Ro-misches Jahrbuch fur Kunstgeschichte, XIII (1971), 179-230.

261 Hiilsen, C., 'Septizonium', Zeitschrift fur Geschichte der Architektur, V (1912), 1-24.

262 Lanciani, R., '11 "Palazzo Maggiore" nei secoli XVI-XVIII', Mitt.DAI, IX (1894), 3-36.

263 Levin, H., The myth of the golden age during the Renaissance, Bloomington and London, 1969.

264 Lugli, G., Roma antica. II centra monumentale, Rome, 1946. (414jff: Horti Farnesiani)

265 Romanelli, P., 'Horti Palatini Farnesiorum', Studi Romani, VIII (1960), 661-72.

The use of antiquities by architects: the Renaissance villa

*Dickinson, G., Du Bellay in Rome, Leiden, 1960. (Best-referenced description in English of sixteenth-century Rome, with very good bibliography, especially of source books)

Frommel, C., Die Farnesina und Peruzzis architekton-isches Friihwerk, Berlin, 1961.

Giamatti, A. B., The earthly paradise and the Renaissance epic, Princeton, 1966. (Survey with commented bibliographies)

Heydenreich, L. H., 'Entstehung der Villa und land-lichen Residenz im 15. Jahrhundert', Acta historiae

artium academiae scientiarum Hungaricae, XIII (1967), 9-12. (Typology)

Rupprecht, B., 'Villa. Zur Geschichte eines Ideals', in Probleme der Kunstwissenschaft, II: Wandlungen des paradiesischen und utopischen. Studium zum Bild eines Ideals, Berlin, 1966, 210-50.

Smith, G., 'The stucco decoration of the Casino of Pius IV, Zf.KG, 1974, 116-56. (Totally pagan)

266 Ackerman, J., 'The Belvedere as a classical villa', JWCI, XIV (1951), 70-91.

267 Ackerman, J., The Cortile del Belvedere, Vatican City, 1954.

268 *Ackerman, J., 'Sources of the Renaissance villa', in Acts, II, 6-18. (Emphasizes un-antique appearance of early villas)